intramuscular injection sites in dogs and cats intramuscular injection sites in dogs and cats

This approach is excellent for relatively small numbers of animals and for diseases in which systemic immunity is important. Most commonly used in cats but also acceptable for small dogs (the volume is fairly large for IM injection in medium-large dogs) Quick tip: The combination is generally dosed as approximately 0.1-0.2 mL per 4.5 kg (10lb) patient body weight of each drug. Double Bowl Automatic Pet Bowl Feeder Cat Waterer, Pet Supplies Automatic Feeder Smart Dog Food Dispenser, Pet Automatic Timer Feeder Does Not Pinch Feet, Double Bowl Automatic Feeder Drinking Water Pet Supplies, Pet Automatic Feeder Cat Feeding And Drinking Water. Some drugs are specially formulated so that they are more slowly absorbed and can sit in the muscle, being absorbed gradually over many months and producing a long-acting effect (so called depot injections). Introduction-what exactly is a clinical skill? Feline Ovariohysterectomy Student Study Guide, Assessment Rubric and DETAILED STEPS, 28. In contrast to subcutaneous injections, intramuscular injections are more preferred because they allow for a faster absorption of medication. Owners should be made aware that protection can be maintained reliably only when vaccines are used in accordance with the protocol approved by vaccine licensing authorities. 0000033570 00000 n Different Syringe Tips and Their Uses, 53. Before administering the shot, make sure your dog is still awake and comfortable. Single-use, disposable needles ensure that the needle tip is very sharp to minimize pain. Newborn animals are passively protected by maternal antibodies and, in general, cannot be vaccinated until maternal immunity has waned. What to Know About Administering Injections to Animals - Cal Vet Supply owners of diabetic animals are taught how to administer insulin subcutaneously so that they can give regular injections to their pet at home. 3 Ways to Give a Cat an Injection - wikiHow Is this medication too viscus to be given by this route-can it be diluted? Administer the contents of the syringe quickly and withdraw the needle. Intramuscular injections in dogs can be performed on the quadriceps, lumbodorsal, or triceps muscle. PDF Intramuscular Induction Protocols for Healthy Dogs and Cats - AAHA The Journal of small animal practice. Veterinarians can provide vital medical assistance for pets, but much of the care will still be left to the owner. Withdraw the needle carefully. The recommended site for IM injections in dogs . As for intravenous injections, you usually need to leave those to the veterinarian. Verify and double check everything. How to give a Dog and a Cat an IM (Intramusular) injection? Insulin Syringes Difference between U 100 and U 40 and Emergency Conversion Chart, 54. Injection into muscle is not without some risk since there are many important structurese.g. Dry the skin and apply a bandage. Individual animal and vaccine variability make it difficult to estimate the duration of protective immunity. Once the needle has been inserted into the muscle, gentle suction should be applied to the syringe to ensure that blood does not flow back into the needle. You can do this by feeling along the injection site, as well as along the belly below the site of injection, as fluids tend to pool along the cat's underside. Once the area is ready, hold the syringe with your dominant hand. If you decide to provide this treatment to your dog, your veterinarian will review the specific technique and make sure that you are comfortable with it. The simultaneous administration of multiple vaccines to an animal does not present difficulties to the immune system of normal, healthy animals. What are the benefits of giving your dog an IM? This route is not suitable for administration of irritant medications as they may cause severe skin reaction and damage. Never administer an injection through dirty or infected skin. Clean techniques should always be used when administering injections. Female Dog Urethral Catheterization- Using Vaginal Speculum, 16. Most owners are concerned that they may break the needle off but this is extremely unlikely. If stimulation of immunity is deemed necessary at this stage, the mother may be vaccinated during late pregnancy, timing the doses so that peak antibody levels are reached at the time of colostrum formation. 0000003028 00000 n . Location: The quadriceps muscle group is located cranial to the greater trochanter of femur, ventral to the wing of the ilium and proximal to the straight patellar ligament of the stifle. 0000013654 00000 n 0000006940 00000 n 0000013878 00000 n Different formulations of injection are used for the different routes and it is particularly important not to administer an injection directly into the blood unless it is specifically recommended for this route. You should contact both your veterinarian and your doctor for advice. You should be aware that some communities have strict rules about disposal of medical waste material so do not throw the needle and syringe into the trash until you know if this is permissible. Gently and quickly push the needle into the muscle at a 90 degree angle. 3. How to practice effectivelyfor just about anything TED-ed animated video, 7. Reporting Animal Cruelty: The Role of the Veterinarian Manual (MN-Animal Folks), 26. Where is the Best Place to Give an Intramuscular Injection in a Dog? Dermatologic Lesion Documentation and Description, 51. A careful push of the plunger should remove the excess air. Before giving your dog an IM, you should know which muscles are used in this procedure. For easier injections, grab some of that skin to make a skin tent.. We do not control or have responsibility for the content of any third-party site. 0000028458 00000 n Depo-Medrol | Zoetis US The low end of the dose is used for moderate sedation, the high end of the dose for deep . These muscle tissues have less pain receptors and are ideal for viscous medications. It is also less painful for the patient. Instructions how to give intramuscular injection on dog Log in 24/7 to access your pets health care information. Dog and cat Fitting a Muzzle (PDF, 959kB) Restraining a Cat for Blood Sampling (PDF, 614kB) Using a Slip Lead (PDF, 1,060kB) Making a Skin Tent for a Subcutaneous Injection (PDF, 703kB) Administering Subcutaneous Injections (PDF, 628kB) Canine Prostate Examination (PDF, 788kB) Lifting and Restraining a Dog (PDF, 1,264kB) Drinking water vaccines are increasingly employed in large swine operations. Another good spot is over the ribs, well behind the shoulder. Make sure you read the release form that youll receive from the vet so that you can be sure the shot is safe. If you have a nervous dog, enlist the assistance of another person or call the veterinary clinic to get instructions on restraining the dog. I accidentally pricked myself while giving my pet an injection. With that in mind, pick the smallest needle you can get that is capable of holding that much volume. Before injecting your pet with medication, youll want to clean the injection site and the bottle well. 2. If youre administering an intramuscular injection to your dog, the question you might be asking yourself is: Do you pinch the skin? After use it is very important that needles have their protective caps securely replaced to prevent someone becoming injured. Adequan is given via intramuscular injection (IM) only - meaning that it should be injected into the muscle, not under the skin. Fish and shrimp may be vaccinated by immersion in a solution of antigen, which is absorbed through their skin and gills. Medication Techniques - Clinical Medicine 1: Small Animal Clinical IM injections can be much more painful than subcutaneous injections, so proper technique is key to minimizing pain. For example, intranasal vaccines protect: cattle against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis Viral Infections Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex in Cattle Bovine herpesvirus 1 infections are widespread in the cattle population. 5 40 Because of the complexity of many disease syndromes or to avoid giving animals multiple injections, it is common to use mixtures of organisms in single vaccines. If some may have been received, the safest course of action is to give no more. Nebulised drugs can be delivered via a face mask although many conscious patients will not tolerate a face mask, so a special nebulisation chamber is often required. The duration of immunity claimed by a vaccine manufacturer is the minimal duration supported by the data available at the time of approval. Most pets become accustomed to having the injection and will stay calm and still during the procedure. Veterinary Clinical Skills Compendium Copyright by Susan Spence. Affiliate of Mars Inc. 2023 | Copyright VCA Animal Hospitals all rights reserved. SQ medications (non-irritating and water soluble) are deposited in the loose connective tissue just below the dermis. If you are unsure that your pet received the full amount of the injection, contact your veterinary hospital for instructions. Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea Syndrome (AHDS or HGE) Addison's Disease (Hypoadrenocorticism) Adrenal Tumor Treatment in Cushing's Syndrome. Your email address will not be published. How to Learn Motor Skills-Helpful Hints, 3. Procedure Summary & Goal a. Another important factor is the location of the injection. Local Anesthetic Intradermal Injections, 48. For example, for bovine respiratory disease complex Overview of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex Bovine respiratory disease (BRD), shipping fever pneumonia, or undifferentiated fever is a respiratory disease of cattle of multifactorial etiology with Mannheimia haemolytica and, less read more , combined vaccines are available for bovine respiratory syncytial virus Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bovine herpesvirus 1 infections are widespread in the cattle population. Within a group of animals, there may be a great difference between the shortest and longest duration of protection. Intramuscular IM Injection Sites for Dogs and Cats. It was concluded that the best sites for injection in dogs are the lumbar epaxial musculature or the quadriceps femoris muscle when IM administration is imperative. trailer When a mixture of antigens is given to an animal simultaneously, they may compete with one another. There are also many other sites that work well, including the gluteal muscle. 0000019180 00000 n Spraying of vaccines enables the vaccines to be inhaled by all the animals in a herd, group, or flockan obvious advantage when the unit is large. To administer the injection, use a 0.5-inch-long needle. Veterinary Clinical Skills Compendium Copyright by Susan Spence. If You want convert kilograms to pounds, multiply the kilogram value by 2.2046226218, Thumbuddy To Love is a positive tool that teaches children how to stop thumb sucking, Low flow low gradient aortic stenosis case, 4 sites for intramuscular injections in dogs, Manhattan toy winkel rattle & sensory teether toy, Remedios caseros para la picazon en el ano, How long does 4 wisdom teeth removal take. The vast majority of equine vaccines are administered by intramuscular (IM) injection, and a few are administered . With a little practice, however, most pet owners find that they have no problems administering routine injections to their dog without assistance. The commonly adopted technique and site for intramuscular injection in the cat are described, and the often resulting inadequacy and risk are discussed. You might need to hold your pet still to avoid a mishap. Shaved or clipped areas on the cats leg usually show where an intravenous injection has been given. In addition to respiratory signs, decreased egg production and egg quality are common, and nephritis read more and Newcastle disease Newcastle Disease in Poultry Newcastle disease is an infection of domestic poultry and other bird species with virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV). insulin. Once the medication has been administered, you can remove the needle and dispose of the syringe in a properly sealed container. Cloudflare Ray ID: 7a2dcefebede2309 SOP: INJECTIONS IN DOGS AND CATS I. The vet may also be able to mimic the injection. The Merck Veterinary Manual was first published in 1955 as a service to the community. It is a worldwide problem that presents primarily as an acute respiratory read more. In fact, it can lead to infection. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. Abbreviations are often used for injection routes, e.g. Massage will increase circulation and help the body heal itself. Domestic animals have plenty of loose skin so it is very simple to lift a flap of skin and insert a needle into the subcutaneous tissue. However, there is no reason why different forms of a vaccine could not be used for priming and for boosting. For example, essential vaccines in dogs in the USA would normally include canine distemper virus, parvovirus, adenovirus, and rabies virus. Your veterinarian will prescribe the appropriate needles and syringes for your pet's needs. intramuscular injection sites in dogs and cats. Most medications are given subcutaneously. An excellent example of this is the eradication of Aujeszky disease (porcine herpesvirus 1) from commercial swine in many developed countries with the aid of DIVA vaccines. In feedlot cattle, the respiratory form is most common. Injections in Dogs and Cats - DocsLib You should consult your veterinarian before administering an injection, as the depth and needle length will differ from animal to animal. Intramuscular injection in the cat. | Semantic Scholar Distribution of material injected intramuscularly in dogs 209.59.143.216 Note that any lasting harm is very unlikely indeed. Working with syringes and needles requires great care, and you need to learn how to provide that care for your pets. It is easy to penetrate two layers of skin so that the drug ends up on the coat instead of under the skin. Intramuscular Injection Complications - Veterinary Partner - VIN Use for phrases Local adverse vaccine reactions include pain at the injection site, hair loss or change in hair color at the injection site, and swellings. Types of Injections Subcutaneous Injections for Dogs and Cats; Author: Rudite Created Date: 2/19/2018 3:20:31 PM . 0000025892 00000 n Owners are not often called upon to give intramuscular injections but they may be asked to hold their pet while it receives one. 0. Types of Injections Subcutaneous Injections for Dogs and Cats Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. Want to create or adapt books like this? If you are absolutely sure the cat received no drug, it is safe to repeat the injection. These intramuscular injections are usually on the neck, chest, glute, or hind leg, though it may differ depending on the animal, there are fewer pain receptors is muscle tissues making it an ideal site for more irritating or viscous medications. the abdominal cavity (known as intraperitoneal injection) or thoracic cavity (known as intrapleural injection), the quadriceps (muscle on the front of the thigh), lumbodorsal muscles (muscles either side of the lumbar spine). Next, pinch a section of skin that is approximately one to two inches in diameter. Dog Restraint For Cephalic Blood Draw/IV Catheter, 18. This method is commonly used in the poultry industry. Syringe Handling 1 ml and Practice Technique Using 2 Pieces of Tape, 9. Terms in this set (11) What are the common IM . Dermatologic Lesion Documentation and Description, 51. Effect of muscle injection site on preanaesthetic sedation in dogs << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Needles for these should be longer than those for subcutaneous ones, but if they are too long, they could harm tissue and nerves. The area may bleed a little bit. The duration of this memory depends on multiple factors, such as the nature of the antigen, the use of live or dead organisms, the adjuvants used, and the route of administration. Injecting straight into the vein can be tough for nonprofessionals, especially with critters covered in fur. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. The most common method of vaccine administration is by SC or IM injection. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Vet Manual outside of North America. 0000031365 00000 n The viral infection alone is not life-threatening but predisposes read more , and Mannheimia haemolytica. Most pet owners find that their pet becomes cooperative for these life-sustaining injections over time. 0000030652 00000 n Keep reading to find out more! Although it is not possible to devise precise schedules for each vaccine, certain principles are common to all methods of active immunization. Risks and complications Intramuscular injections may also cause an abscess or gangrene at the injection site, depending on the specific medication and amount administered. To make things easier for you, try distracting your dog with a tasty treat, which he or she can eat while youre injecting the vaccine. by. Dispose of the needle and syringe into a properly labeled needle disposal container. 0000014104 00000 n Our massive online inventory is filled with over-the-counter syringes and needles of all sizes, as well as a wide variety of medications. Intramuscular injection to a cat. Injections in dogs are usually administered via intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous (IM) route. Set up your myVCA account today. An intravenous injection (IV injection), into a vein, provides the fastest method of drug distribution. 414. Conclusion. Instead, choose multiple sites where your pet will not be bothered by the pain and discomfort. This problem can be resolved by removing a nonprotective antigen from the vaccine. Generally, if you are unsure how much you injected, do not administer more unless directed by your veterinarian. Make sure the dog sees the syringe before giving it. Intramuscular injections are used to administer small volumes of medications. A positive action for insertion of needles into muscles reduces muscle damage and pain and massaging the site after injection disperses the injection and may help to reduce pain. Epaxial (lumbodorsal) muscles are on either side of the lumbar vertebrae. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. For this reason, most medications given at home are designed to be administered subcutaneously. vN4@ -u[bEj'D&dZ}_AXUA^lZhJ&$,kdw$`d1hO4P. This article will answer your questions about IM administration in dogs. The link you have selected will take you to a third-party website. Administration of Vaccines in Animals - Merck Veterinary Manual First cap the needle and syringe carefully and put it out of harms way. 0000062989 00000 n In feedlot cattle, the respiratory form is most common. We have excellent vet-recommended disinfectants and cleaners. Some clients find that it is easiest to give their dog an injection while he is eating a meal. Having someone assist you will make the procedure easier. Dog and cat | Bristol Veterinary School | University of Bristol The needle is not inserted right, and sometimes we miss the spot entirely. The viral infection alone is not life-threatening but predisposes read more, cats against feline rhinotracheitis and calicivirus Feline Respiratory Disease Complex Feline respiratory disease complex is typically manifested by clinical signs of the eyes, nose, and mouth ( rhinosinusitis, sneezing, conjunctivitis, lacrimation, salivation, and oral ulcerations read more infections, poultry against infectious bronchitis Infectious Bronchitis in Poultry Infectious bronchitis is an acute, highly contagious upper respiratory tract disease in chickens. Ideally, have someone assist you while you give the injection, especially for your first few treatments. It is normal for most dogs to have a bit of a limp or walk funny after getting an intramuscular injection to the leg area. tissue under the skin (subcutaneous injection), body cavities, i.e. If you are not experienced in administering intramuscular injections, your veterinarian can answer all of your questions and help you understand how to safely give the injection. These routes may be used for specific purposes often because a very fast reaction to the drug being administered is sought, as in intravenous injections of anaesthetics. Subcuticular/Intradermal-within the skin, ex) local anesthetic drugs, TB testing. Intramuscular Injection Sites Flashcards | Quizlet This approach is known as a prime-boost strategy. You should then push the plunger down to administer the medication. After that, release the pinched skin. If the injections are frequent, like for insulin shots, try not to use the same spot each time. The most frequently used sites for IV injections in the dog are the cephalic and lateral saphenous veins. Regardless of where the spot lies, you may not want to get too comfortable with using the same spot for every injection. If you have the choice, the SQ method is the safest and easiest way to give vaccines, but some vaccines can only be given intramuscularly. INTRAMUSCULAR USE OF ALFAXALONE IN CATS A PubMed search of "alfaxalone" and "intramuscular" produces over 200 hits with studies involving both cats and dogs, but also ranging from hedgehogs and ducks to bearded dragons and koalas. 0000029283 00000 n ; Step #2. Make sure that the needle is sterile and is inserted into the muscle at an angle of about 45 degrees. Optional (or non-core) vaccines protect animals against sporadic, mild, or uncommon diseases and should only be used when circumstances warrant and when the benefits clearly outweigh the risks involved. Unfortunately, the minimal duration of immunity has rarely been reliably measured. You should be especially careful about choosing the right syringe size for intramuscular injections. Some medications, such as insulin, require a subcutaneous injection meaning the needle only needs to pierce the skin. The skin should be slightly loose at this area. IM injections should be given using a shorter needle than subcutaneous injections. 0000008463 00000 n Bladder Stones (Struvite) in Dogs Blastomycosis is a Systemic Fungal infection Affecting Dogs and Cats Bloat - The Mother of All Emergencies Bloat: First Aid Bloody Nose (Epistaxis) in Dogs and Cats Bones are Unsafe for Your Dog, No Bones about It Brachial Plexus Avulsion in Dogs and Cats This concern is unfounded. Medicine. ex) adult heart worm treatment in dogs-lumbar muscle, some vaccines in horses-neck or rear leg muscles, vaccines in cattle/pigs-neck muscles just distal to the ear. Dog Restraint for Lateral Saphenous Blood Draw/IV Catheter, 17. Copyright 2023 Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. If possible, avoid using the same spot for each injection. Adjustment with the touch. 39 kilogram is equal to 85.98028218 pounds. Use of a fine needle minimizes discomfort. However, local immunity is sometimes more . Some veterinarians and owners have expressed concern that the use of vaccine mixtures in this way may somehow overwhelm the immune system. After giving your pet an injection, you may want to give him a massage to help ease the pain and promote circulation. If blood does flow back, a different injection site should be chosen. Subcutaneous injections are given in the neck half way up, over the ribs and well behind the shoulder. Can this medication be given to this species? You should swab the area with an alcohol pad. Dog Limping After Intramuscular Injection (What Went Wrong?) Dissection kit and huck towel pack (to simulate sterile sx pack), 31. Do you ever wonder why doctors on TV point the syringe upward, tap it, and squirt a bit of its liquid contents? Intramuscular-within the muscle, different specific sites are indicated for SA, EQ, and FA! Try offering the pet an appropriate treat (based on your vets recommendation, as certain health conditions have dietary restrictions) as a distraction while you administer the injection. It has long been standard practice to use exactly the same vaccine for boosting an immune response as was used when first priming an animal. Owners can easily be taught to give injections in this way, e.g. x[r}WSjJpM]1SIIe"Zr)_srqYIT r=;w\6-+wtvswesUU6"9rrwSuEeYV>K& r+ Vs{ky-'|v?B^i^4E`)LU2mUYVL \T]X Injecting your cat - Bishops Stortford Vets INTRAMUSCULAR . SHARES. What are the contraindications for this medication?